AN 835: PAM4 Signaling Fundamentals

ID 683852
Date 3/12/2019
Public
Document Table of Contents

1. Introduction

This Pulse-Amplitude Modulation 4-Level (PAM4) application note explains PAM4 theory and operation while introducing the Intel® Stratix® 10 TX device capability and the realization of 57.8 Gbps data rate applications.

The application note uses 56 Gbps to describe data rates in general because of the baseline established in the Common Electrical Interface (CEI). However, the actual data rate can be up to 57.8 Gbps.